Fixed-lens cameras
Non-SLR digital cameras generally fall into two types: compact digicams, and SLR-like bridge digital cameras (also known as advanced digital cameras) which offer larger zoom ranges, better optics, and more manual controls. Both types have permanently fixed lenses. While the only defining feature of an SLR is its reflex viewfinder system, extant digital SLR models generally offer the following advantages over fixed-lens cameras of the same generation:

  • Choice of interchangeable (and often higher-quality) lenses.
  • Image sensors of much larger size and often higher quality, offering lower noise, which is useful in low light, and greater dynamic range.
  • Optical viewfinders which tend to be more comfortable and efficient, especially for action photography and in low-light conditions.
  • DSLRs often offer faster and more responsive performance, with less shutter lag, faster auto focus systems, and faster frame rates.
  • The larger focal length for the same field of view allows creative use of depth of field effects.
  • Ability to attach additional accessories including hot shoe-mounted flash units, battery grips for additional power and hand positions, external light meters, and remote controls

There are also certain drawbacks to current DSLR designs, compared to fixed-lens cameras:

  • Generally greater size and weight.
  • Generally greater cost.
  • Few DSLRs with a video mode. With the exception of cameras such as the Nikon D90 and the Canon EOS 5D Mark II, few DSLRs produced so far can record full-motion video, while this has become a standard feature of compact digital cameras.
  • Louder operation, due to the SLR mirror mechanism.
  • Potential contamination of the sensor by dust particles, when the lens is changed (though recent dust reduction systems alleviate this).

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